نشریه بیماری های قابل انتقال بین انسان و حیوان
سال دوم شماره 4 (پیاپی 6، زمستان 1401)

Arcobacter is Gram-negative bacteria without curved spores, distinguished from Campylobacter by growth in the presence of oxygen and low temperatures. This study evaluates Arcobacter contamination in grilled meat, ready-to-eat salads, raw milk, and water in Yasouj City. In this study, 120 samples, including 30 grilled meat samples, 30 ready-to-eat salad samples, 30 raw milk samples, and 30 drinking water samples, were randomly collected from different parts of Yasouj City and transferred to the quality control laboratory of Shahrekord Islamic Azad University. The samples were tested according to the standard method. P<0.05 was considered a significant level in the present study. The results showed that out of 120 food samples tested, 22 were contaminated with Arcobacter. There was no significant relationship between the sampled foods and the level of Arcobacter contamination. According to the results, the drinking water contamination was zero, grilled meat was 13, salad was 1, and raw milk was 8. In total, 22 out of 120 samples were infected with Arcobacter. Considering the contamination of 18/33% in all the samples of this study and the possibility of contamination to humans and causing complications such as gastroenteritis, as well as the high consumption of meat, especially grilled meat, in roadside restaurants, it seems necessary to take measures to control this contamination. Bacteria from the production cycle to the consumption of meat, salad, raw milk, cooking meat, and boiling milk before consumption must be done carefully.

Helminths infection is very significant worldwide, so millions of people worldwide are currently infected or exposed to these infection. The carcinogenicity of parasites is difficult to demonstrate because of their complex life cycle and asymptomatic latent period.This study examines the role of zoonotic worm infections in carcinogenesis. Both parasitic infections and cancer has complex natural histories and long latent periods in which multiple exogenous and endogenous factors work to obscure causation. While only three worms, Schistosoma haematobium, Opisthorchis viverrini, Clonorchis sinensis are definitively carcinogenic to humans, other parasites play a role in facilitating malignant transformation. Helminth-induced cancer is caused through mechanisms that involve modulation of chronic inflammation of the host immune system, inhibition of intracellular communication, disruption of proliferative-antiproliferative pathways, induction of genomic instability, and malignant stimulation.Despite the fact that the information available indicates that this helminths are carcinogenic, the main cause and connection between worms and cancer are still unknown.

Juice is one of the beverages with nutritional value, which is a rich source of vitamins and antioxidants, which brings risks for consumers if health standards are not met. This study aimed to investigate of the effect of ultraviolet rays on Escherichia coli bacteria in white grape juice. Three  samples of white grape juice were randomly obtained from the market of Shahrekord City and transported under sterile conditions to the food hygiene laboratory of Shahrekord Azad University. First, the samples were passed through a filter by UVasteril to remove suspended substances. After ensuring it is not used, a certain amount of E.coli is added in 6 consecutive dilutions. After adding the capacity, the grape juice is passed through the UV radiation device, and the population of E. coli is counted before and after irradiation. For this purpose, 30, 60, and 120 seconds of continuous radiation were applied. Excel software was used to draw graphs and analyze Duncan's multi-range test statistically. The results showed a statistically significant difference during successive dilutions during 30 days (p>0.05); the highest statistic related to the first dilution was 6.78±1.39. The lowest score of the game for the fifth draw was 0.93 ± 1.89. According to the results of achieving the effect of the UV method to reduce E. coli in grape juice, it can be concluded that this matter can be accurately converted into liquids, and it can positively affectthe reduction process. It should be prescribed for Escherichia coli.

Milk's healthand products are essential in human nutrition due to its high nutritional value. This nutritious snack is one of the most essential sources that microbial agents contaminate. Brucella is a Gram-negative coccobacillus whose hosts include humans, cattle, goats, and sheep. Brucella is transmitted through milk and dairy products and causes human malt fever. Serological methods for detecting Brucella do not have sufficient sensitivity and accuracy and have many false positive and negative results. This study collected 20 samples of raw milk and 20 samples of local cheese from Farsan City. Became NA of samples extracted by the DNP kit. After optimizing the first and second rounds of the test, PCR sensitivity and specificity were evaluated. Then all the samples were analyzed by optimized PCR test. Out of 20 raw milk samples, 1 sample (equivalent to 5%) was PCR positive; no PCR-positive sample was observed out of 20 local cheese samples. Since milk is widely used as a very nutritious and useful snack, the results indicate that despite the efforts made to prevent brucellosis, there is still a possibility of raw milk contamination in the areas Different, there are Brucella bacteria.

Brucellosis is the most common zoonosis and is a health issue in Iran. Considering this disease is endemic in Qaen, this study intended to investigate the epidemiologic characteristics of brucellosis during 2015-2021. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 421 brucellosis patients, based on the information from Qaen Health Center from 2015 to 2021. To describe the data, frequency, mean, and standard deviation indices and to analyze the data, Chi-square and T-test statistical tests were utilized using SPSS software version 21. The incidence rate was calculated based on 100,000 at-risk populations per year. The average incidence rate of brucellosis from 2015 to 2021 was 135 per 100,000. The highest incidence rate was 156 per 100,000 people in 2021, and the lowest was 20.58 per 100,000 in 2017. The mean age of brucellosis patients was 36.78 ± 19.85  years. The most frequent clinical symptoms were musculoskeletal pain in 317 cases (75.3%) and fever in 160 cases (38%). The consumption history of unpasteurized dairy products such as milk and cheese was 33% and 27%, respectively. Farmers and ranchers, with 239 cases (56.7%), and the rural living population, with 282 cases (67%), were the most frequent cases of brucellosis. The incidence rate of brucellosis in Qaen has an upward trend and is higher than the provincial and national averages. According to the latest national guidelines, this county is classified as a highly polluted region.

Salmonella bacteria is one of the most common food-borne pathogens that causedisease in humans and animals worldwide. Salmonella species, especially S. typhimurium and S.enteritidis, are among the most common causes of food-borneinfections worldwide. This study aimsto investigate the prevalence of S. typhimurium in raw milk and local sheep cheese by using the PCR method in the Farsan city of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari provinces. For this purpose, from September to March 2011, 20 samples of raw milk and local sheep cheese was collected from livestock farms. S. typhimurium were confirmed by the PCR method and using species-specific ST11 and ST15 primers. Out of 20 Salmonella isolates, three were confirmed as S. Typhimurium by PCR. The results of the research showed that 15% of the samples of raw milk and local sheep cheese were contaminated with S. typhimurium, and this issue makes it more necessary to observe health standards during milking and transportation and avoid the consumption of raw milk, especially in the production of products such as cheese or ice cream...